Surgery

71 new genes found associated with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases

Researchers have found 71 new human genes associated with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that affect the small and large (colon) intestines of nearly 2.5 million people worldwide. This study brings the total number of known genes associated with IBD to 163.

The study was conducted by a consortium of researchers from the United States, Canada, and Europe. It was funded in part by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) IBD Genetics Consortium, at the National Institutes of Health. The results were published in the Nov. 1 issue of the journal Nature.

The first phase of the genome-wide association studies involved combining 15 previously reported datasets of people with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and unaffected controls (people who did not have either disease). This analysis covered common genetic variants throughout the genome.

Smoking increases risk of age related cataract formation leading to blindness and vision loss

Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor for a wide-range of diseases. Now, scientists have evidence that smoking may also increase the risk of age-related cataract, the leading cause of blindness and vision loss in the world.

Reported in Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (Smoking and Risk of Age-related Cataract: A Meta-analysis), the new findings are the result of a meta-analysis conducted by a team of researchers from China.

Evidence suggests that diet and related factors early in life can boost the risk for breast cancer

The findings provide new insights into the processes that regulate normal breast development, which can impact the risk of developing breast cancer later in life. The study will be published Sept. 17 in the early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Patients are at risk of clots for up to one year following surgery

Patients are at risk of developing a fatal blood clot for up to a year after having surgery, far longer than previously thought, a study shows today.
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But the latest study, published online by the British Medical Journal, found that patients could be at increased risk of VTE for up to a year after an operation.

http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/health/article6944365.ece

HydroGel hope for brain injury repair

An injectable hydrogel could aid recovery from brain injury by helping stimulate tissue growth at the site of the wound, researchers say.

Research on rats suggests the gel, made from synthetic and natural sources, may spur growth of stem cells in the brain.

The gel has been developed by Dr Ning Zhang at Clemson University, South Carolina, who presented her work to a conference on military health research.

Read more from BBC

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